{"id":22742,"date":"2025-07-02T10:27:52","date_gmt":"2025-07-02T09:27:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/?p=22742"},"modified":"2025-07-02T10:27:52","modified_gmt":"2025-07-02T09:27:52","slug":"international-model-833","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/2025\/07\/02\/international-model-833\/","title":{"rendered":"AM\/FM prijemnik International Model 833"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Danas je nabavljen baterijski AM\/FM radio prijemnik oznake International, kineski proizvod iz 1990-tih godina. Kao i drugi sli\u010dni kineski generi\u010dki proizvodi tako se i ovaj ure\u0111aj naru\u010divao i distribuirao \u0161irom svijeta pod razli\u010ditim robnim markama i oznakama modela: International (Model 833 ili NL-833, model ET-138 ili ET-138H), zatim AudioTon (RA-832), All Star, Konin, Maxell, Daxon, Starvox i drugi. Prijemnik je dolazio u vi\u0161e boja, a postojali su i modeli istog dizajna sa razli\u010ditim kombinacijama dva ili tri prijemna opsega (FM i AM srednji val, FM i AM srednji i dugi val, samo AM srednji i dugi val). Tako\u0111er se proizvodilo i nekoliko vrlo sli\u010dnih modela sa minimalno izmijenjenim dizajnom ku\u0107i\u0161ta.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_02.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[22742]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-22744\" src=\"https:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_02.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1300\" height=\"632\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_02.jpg 1300w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_02-768x373.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_03.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[22742]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-22745\" src=\"https:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_03.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1300\" height=\"657\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_03.jpg 1300w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_03-768x388.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_04.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[22742]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-22746\" src=\"https:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_04.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1300\" height=\"374\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_04.jpg 1300w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_04-768x221.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_05.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[22742]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-22747\" src=\"https:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_05.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1300\" height=\"677\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_05.jpg 1300w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_05-768x400.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_06.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[22742]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-22748\" src=\"https:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_06.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1300\" height=\"381\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_06.jpg 1300w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_06-768x225.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_07.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[22742]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-22749\" src=\"https:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_07.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1300\" height=\"1452\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_07.jpg 1300w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_07-768x858.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_08.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[22742]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-22750\" src=\"https:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_08.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1300\" height=\"508\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_08.jpg 1300w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_08-768x300.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_09.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[22742]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-22751\" src=\"https:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_09.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1300\" height=\"494\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_09.jpg 1300w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_09-768x292.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>International Model 833 je prijemnik koji se bazira na 8 tranzistora, od \u010dega su 4 za VF sklopove, a 4 su za NF audio poja\u010dalo. Do sada smo ve\u0107 opisali puno sli\u010dnih AM\/FM prijemnika sa 8 tranzistora. To je neki minimum za konstrukciju takvih prijemnika iako mnogi jeftini modeli idu na jo\u0161 ve\u0107u redukciju komponenti, posebice u dijelu MF poja\u010dala. Na\u0161 prijemnik kao \u0161to vidimo ima samo \u0161est VF lon\u010di\u0107a, nigdje ne uo\u010davamo kerami\u010dke MF filtre, a to zna\u010di da je ovdje tako\u0111er napravljena redukcija glede ugra\u0111enih MF transformatora.<\/p>\n<p>U osnovi, to je vjerojatno ista konstrukcija kakvu smo vidjeli primjerice kod prijemnika <a href=\"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/2024\/04\/23\/international-it14-19e\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">International IT14-19E<\/a>. I ovdje u NF audio poja\u010dalu rade isti tranzistori:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>C9014 (NPN) &#8211; pretpoja\u010dalo<\/li>\n<li>C9015 (PNP) &#8211; driver<\/li>\n<li>C9012 (PNP) i C9013 (NPN) &#8211; komplementarni push-pull izlazni stupanj<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Tako\u0111er, dva tranzistora su zajedni\u010dka za VF AM i FM krugove:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>C9011 (NPN) &#8211; RF poja\u010dalo FM tunera<\/li>\n<li>C9011 (NPN) &#8211; samoosciliraju\u0107i mje\u0161a\u010d FM tunera<\/li>\n<li>C9018 (NPN) &#8211; samoosciliraju\u0107i mje\u0161a\u010d AM tunera i 1. MF poja\u010dalo za FM<\/li>\n<li>C9018 (NPN) &#8211; 1. MF poja\u010dalo za AM i 2. MF poja\u010dalo za FM<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_01.gif\" rel=\"lightbox[22742]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-22743\" src=\"https:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_01.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"1179\" height=\"631\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_01.gif 1179w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_01-768x411.gif 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1179px) 100vw, 1179px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Sve ukazuje da je ovdje napravljena u\u0161teda na jednom MF transformatoru tako da se za FM MF poja\u010dala koristi aperiodski stupanj sa tranzistorima Tr3 i Tr4 u RC vezi bez MF transformatora. Do sada nisam nai\u0161ao na neku originalnu tvorni\u010dku shemu AM\/FM radio prijemnika koji bi imao tako reducirane MF krugove no ne vidim kako druga\u010dije objasniti postojanje samo \u0161est VF lon\u010di\u0107a. Ina\u010de je tvorni\u010dke sheme za kinesku elektroniku jako te\u0161ko na\u0107i, a kada i bude negdje objavljena onda je to samo djelomi\u010dan ili reduciran prikaz za neke specifi\u010dne potrebe. \u010cak su i tvorni\u010dki podaci te specifikacije za kineske elektroni\u010dke komponente i \u010dipove uvijek vrlo op\u0107eniti, ako se i uspiju negdje iskopati.<\/p>\n<p>\u010cini se da su kineske serije ovakvih jeftinih tranzistorskih prijemnika u 1980\/90-tim godinama (mogu\u0107e i kasnije) imale osnovni cilj potro\u0161iti stare zalihe namjenskih elektroni\u010dkih komponenti za tranzistorske prijemnike. Naime, u to doba su ve\u0107 u\u0161li u \u0161iroku upotrebu namjenski integrirani krugovi za FM\/AM radio prijemnike i pripadaju\u0107a audio poja\u010dala koji su omogu\u0107avali jednostavniju i br\u017eu konstrukciju radio prijemnika, manjih dimenzija i boljih performansi. Jedini na\u010din da se jo\u0161 nekako proda stara tehnologija je da se upakira u super jeftine prijemnike koji jo\u0161 uvijek mogu konkurirati cijenom, ako ve\u0107 ne performansama, novim tehnologijama u radio tehnici. Kinezi i dan danas, unato\u010d tome \u0161to su me\u0111u vode\u0107ima u najmodernijim tehnologijama, jo\u0161 uvijek uspijevaju na razli\u010dite inovativne i pametno osmi\u0161ljene na\u010dine rje\u0161avati se zaostalih vi\u0161kova zastarjelih elektroni\u010dkih komponenti (razni KIT kompleti i gotovi moduli), a ne srame se ni reciklirati iste sa otpisane elektronike i drugih neprodanih ure\u0111aja.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Danas je nabavljen baterijski AM\/FM radio prijemnik oznake International, kineski proizvod iz 1990-tih godina. Kao i drugi sli\u010dni kineski generi\u010dki proizvodi tako se i ovaj ure\u0111aj naru\u010divao i distribuirao \u0161irom svijeta pod razli\u010ditim robnim markama i oznakama modela: International (Model 833 ili NL-833, model ET-138 ili ET-138H), zatim AudioTon (RA-832), All Star, Konin, Maxell, Daxon, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":22744,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-22742","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-radio","8":"czr-hentry"},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/international_833_02.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22742","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22742"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22742\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22752,"href":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22742\/revisions\/22752"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22744"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22742"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=22742"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=22742"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}