{"id":23552,"date":"2025-11-02T20:23:41","date_gmt":"2025-11-02T19:23:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/?p=23552"},"modified":"2025-11-02T20:23:41","modified_gmt":"2025-11-02T19:23:41","slug":"silva-electronic-kaleidoscope","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/2025\/11\/02\/silva-electronic-kaleidoscope\/","title":{"rendered":"Silva Electronic Kaleidoscope"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Danas je nabavljen elektroni\u010dki kaleidoskop oznake Silva Electronic Kaleidoscope iz 1991. godine.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_01.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[23552]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-23553\" src=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_01.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1300\" height=\"645\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_01.jpg 1300w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_01-768x381.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_02.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[23552]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-23554\" src=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_02.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1300\" height=\"826\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_02.jpg 1300w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_02-768x488.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0160to se ti\u010de porijekla ure\u0111aja, na zadnjoj strani je otisnut logo tvrtke \u201eSilva\u201c i oznaka licence pod tajvanskim patentom. Logo tvrtke \u201eSilva\u201c je najsli\u010dniji dana\u0161njoj robnoj marki Silva Homeline (Silva Schneider) pod kojom se prodaju razni ku\u0107anski parati i potro\u0161a\u010dka elektronika za evropsko tr\u017ei\u0161te. Vidjeti \u0107emo da je na tiskanoj plo\u010dici u unutra\u0161nji otisnuta godina 1991. i naziv tvrtke \u201eOrchid Electronics\u201c. Ovo se vjerojatno odnosi na britansku tvrtku Orchid Electronics koja se specijalizirala za proizvodnju raznih su\u010delja za spajanje mikrofona u sustavima za snimanje zvuka. To su razne prilagodne mikrofonske kutije i adapteri, izolacijski transformatori i druga periferija za spajanje mikrofona.<\/p>\n<p>Kaleidoskop je ure\u0111aj koji stvara stalno promjenjive vizualne svjetlosne efekte, odnosno promjenjive apstraktne slike u boji naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e sa simetri\u010dnim uzorcima. Kod tradicionalnih kaleidoskopa koriste se sitni komadi\u0107i stakla u boji koji se pomicanjem kaleidoskopa stalno raspore\u0111uju u druga\u010diji uzorak, a vi\u0161estrukim refleksijama toga uzorka pomo\u0107u kru\u017eno postavljenih zrcala dobiva se slo\u017eena slika simetri\u010dnog zvjezdastog uzorka. Osvjetljavanje stakala u boji je obi\u010dno preko vanjske svjetlosti (kaleidoskop se okrene prema nekom vanjskom izvoru svjetla).<\/p>\n<p>Elektroni\u010dki kaleidoskopi koriste svjetle\u0107e diode (LED) montirane na rotiraju\u0107u platformu koju pokre\u0107e elektromotor. LED su razvrstane naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e u jedan red postavljen po radijusu vrtnje. Paljenje i ga\u0161enje pojedine LED elektroni\u010dki se sinkronizira sa brzinom rotacije, te se na taj na\u010din zbog tromosti ljudskog oka mogu dobiti, odnosno vidjeti stopljene razli\u010dite svjetlosne slike, uzorci i efekti. Zahvaljuju\u0107i trendu minijaturizacije i \u0161iroke primjene jeftinih mikrokontrolera u elektronici, danas se ve\u0107 izra\u0111uju elektroni\u010dki kaleidoskopi koji ne prikazuju samo nasumi\u010dne uzorke apstraktnih slika i svjetlosnih efekata, nego kreiraju realne i funkcionalne stati\u010dke ili dinami\u010dke slike poput prikaza analognog ili digitalnog sata, putuju\u0107eg teksta, te raznih drugih 2D i 3D slika i objekata.<\/p>\n<p>U objavi <a href=\"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/2025\/10\/08\/seafarer-700-echo-sounder\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Seafarer 700 Echo Sounder<\/a> vidjeli smo da se isti princip rotiraju\u0107ih LED koristi kao svojevrsna svjetle\u0107a kazaljka, odnosno indikator izmjerene ili postavljene vrijednosti na kru\u017enoj skali. Osim pod nazivom elektroni\u010dki kaleidoskop, takve naprave mo\u017eete potra\u017eiti pod nazivima \u201eLED propeller display\u201c ili \u201eLED propeller clock\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>Na\u0161 Silva Electronic Kaleidoscope je \u201eMCU-free\u201c ure\u0111aj i sadr\u017ei samo klasi\u010dne integrirane krugove koje nije potrebno programirati. To naravno ograni\u010dava njegove mogu\u0107nosti, no vrlo dobro osmi\u0161ljenim sklopom ipak je postignuta prili\u010dno dobra dinamika promjene uzorka slike. Ure\u0111aj ima ugra\u0111en mikrofon i uzorak slike se mijenja ovisno o ja\u010dini i frekvenciji vanjskog zvuka. Tako se mo\u017ee postaviti primjerice uz neki zvu\u010dnik te koristiti kao kakav \u201edisko\u201c dinami\u010dki svjetlosni efekt za neku zabavu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"kaleidoscope 2\" width=\"1170\" height=\"658\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/BhjUkIvhzks?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #00ffff;\"><em>Silva Electronic Kaleidoscope u radu.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_03.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[23552]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-23555\" src=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_03.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1300\" height=\"694\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_03.jpg 1300w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_03-768x410.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_04.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[23552]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-23556\" src=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_04.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1300\" height=\"712\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_04.jpg 1300w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_04-768x421.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Na rotor je postavljeno 20 svjetle\u0107ih dioda koje se kontroliraju preko dva integrirana kruga LM3914N. Integrirani krug LM3914N je Dot\/Bar Display Driver za 10 LED. Ovisno o dovedenom ulaznom naponu (0 &#8211; 5 V na pinu 5), \u010dip mo\u017ee uklju\u010diti samo jednu odre\u0111enu LED koja odgovara tom naponu (dot-displej) ili \u0107e osim uklju\u010diti sve LED koje imaju taj ili ni\u017ei napon uklju\u010denja (bar-displej). Na\u010din rada, dot ili bar, definira se preko pina 9. Vi\u0161e \u010dipova se mo\u017ee spajati kaskadno tako da se dobije ve\u0107i raspon (bolja fino\u0107a) dot\/bar displeja. U na\u0161em slu\u010daju su spojena dva \u010dipa LM3914N za pogon 20 LED. \u010cipovi mogu izravno napajati LED diode pojedina\u010dno strujom do 10 mA.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_10.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[23552]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-23562\" src=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_10.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1300\" height=\"551\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_10.jpg 1300w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_10-768x326.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_09.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[23552]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-23561\" src=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_09.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1300\" height=\"544\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_09.jpg 1300w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_09-768x321.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_12.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[23552]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-23564\" src=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_12.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1300\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_12.jpg 1300w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_12-768x252.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_13.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[23552]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-23565\" src=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_13.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1300\" height=\"448\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_13.jpg 1300w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_13-768x265.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_11.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[23552]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-23563\" src=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_11.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1300\" height=\"344\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_11.jpg 1300w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_11-768x203.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_08.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[23552]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-23560\" src=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_08.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1300\" height=\"334\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_08.jpg 1300w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_08-768x197.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_14.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[23552]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-23566\" src=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_14.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1300\" height=\"272\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_14.jpg 1300w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_14-768x161.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_05.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[23552]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-23557\" src=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_05.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1300\" height=\"569\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_05.jpg 1300w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_05-768x336.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_06.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[23552]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-23558\" src=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_06.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1300\" height=\"364\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_06.jpg 1300w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_06-768x215.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_07.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[23552]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-23559\" src=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_07.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1300\" height=\"347\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_07.jpg 1300w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_07-768x205.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\" \/><\/a><span style=\"color: #00ffff;\"><em>Preko tri klizna prstena prenosi se napajanje (8 V) i mikrofonski signal sa fiksne plo\u010dice sa mikrofonskim poja\u010dalom na rotiraju\u0107u plo\u010dicu sa LED diodama.\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_16-scaled.gif\" rel=\"lightbox[23552]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-23568\" src=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_16-scaled.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"623\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_16-scaled.gif 2560w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_16-768x187.gif 768w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_16-1536x374.gif 1536w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_16-2048x499.gif 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Izveli smo elektroni\u010dku shemu na\u0161eg Silva kaleidoskopa te se lijepo mogu uo\u010diti tri osnovna sklopa: mikrofonsko poja\u010dalo sa integriranim operacijskim poja\u010dalima LM 324, niskopropusni RC filtar (R1-R3\/C1-C3) i dva Dot\/Bar LED drajvera sa LM 3914.<\/p>\n<p>U mikrofonskom poja\u010dalu rade tri stupnja operacijskih poja\u010dala i isto je prora\u010dunato tako da daje \u0161to ve\u0107e naponsko poja\u010danje. Moj signal generator generira najni\u017ei napon od 4 mVpp i ve\u0107 kod tog ulaznog napona poja\u010dalo ulazi u zasi\u0107enje te dobivamo maksimalni napon 6,5 Vpp. Poja\u010danje je mogu\u0107e smanjiti potenciometrom SENSITIVITY na zadnjoj strani ku\u0107i\u0161ta.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_17.png\" rel=\"lightbox[23552]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-23569\" src=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_17.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_17.png 1024w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_17-768x450.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><em><span style=\"color: #00ffff;\">Izlaz iz mikrofonskog poja\u010dala je sli\u010dan pravokutnom valnom obliku jer poja\u010dalo brzo ulazi u zasi\u0107enje (maksimalno poja\u010danje) te su vrhovi sinusoida odrezani.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Poja\u010dani signal se dalje grana na dva dijela. Jedan dio se preko otpornika R4 vodi na referentne pinove \u010dipova LM 3914 kojima se odre\u0111uje napon paljenja LED dioda. Time paljenje LED ovisi o ja\u010dini ulaznog (mikrofonskog) signala. Drugi dio ulaznog signala se vodi na 3-stupanjski niskopropusni RC filtar sa otpornicima R1-R3 i kondenzatorima C1-C3, a zatim na ulazne pinove \u010dipova LM 3914. Time je paljenje LED ovisno i o frekvenciji ulaznog (mikrofonskog) signala. \u0160to su frekvencije vi\u0161e, to \u0107e ih filtar bolje gu\u0161iti, te \u0107emo na izlazu imati manje amplitude (napone) tih frekvencija.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_19.png\" rel=\"lightbox[23552]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-23571\" src=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_19.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"714\" height=\"425\" \/><\/a><em><span style=\"color: #00ffff;\">Snimak frekvencijsko-amplitudne karakteristike niskopropusnog filtra pokazuje izra\u017eenu strminu do frekvencija oko 1 kHz, a upravo u tom podru\u010dju je i reakcija kaleidoskopa najbolja.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_18.png\" rel=\"lightbox[23552]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-23570\" src=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_18.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_18.png 1024w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_18-768x450.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><em><span style=\"color: #00ffff;\">Nakon RC filtra pravokutni signal ponovno poprima oblik vi\u0161e sli\u010dan sinusnom valnom obliku. Lijepo se uo\u010dava i fazni pomak signala nakon filtra (crveno).<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Spoj dva \u010dipa LM 3914 je ovdje izveden na prili\u010dno neuobi\u010dajen na\u010din. Ve\u0107 smo rekli da se amplitudom ulaznog signala osim na ulazne pinove-5 \u010dipa tako\u0111er djeluje i na referentne pinove \u010dipa. Me\u0111utim, neuobi\u010dajeno su povezani i pinovi-9 za promjenu na\u010dina rada (dot\/bar). U kona\u010dnici dobivamo bar-graf efekt koji se \u0161iri od sredi\u0161ta (LED-9 i LED-10 prvog \u010dipa) prema van (prema LED-1 prvog \u010dipa i prema LED-10 drugog \u010dipa). Da stvar bude kompliciranija, porastom napona se naizmjeni\u010dno pali sve vi\u0161e LED prvo na jednom, a zatim na drugom \u010dipu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"kaleidoscope 1\" width=\"1170\" height=\"658\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/yB8xbfUHY3c?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em><span style=\"color: #00ffff;\">Redoslijed paljenja LED ovisno o promjeni ulaznog napona\/frekvencije. Na signalni pin kliza\u010da doveli smo sweep napon frekvencije 400 Hz \u2013 2 kHz \u010dime se preko niskopropusnog filtra amplituda signala mijenja u rasponu 730 mVpp \u2013 5 mVpp.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_15.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[23552]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-23567\" src=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_15.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1364\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_15.jpg 800w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_15-768x1309.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><em><span style=\"color: #00ffff;\">Blok shema integriranog kruga LM 3914. Vidi se da paljenjem svake LED upravlja komparator koji uspore\u0111uje ulazni napon sa referentnim naponom. Referentni napon pak se za svaku LED redno smanjuje za iste vrijednosti preko otporni\u010dkih djelitelja sa otpornicima od 1 k\u03a9.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Zaklju\u010dno mo\u017eemo re\u0107i da Silva elektroni\u010dkog kaleidoskop puno bolje dinami\u010dki reagira na promjenu frekvencije, nego na promjenu amplitude mikrofonskog signala. Trenutna frekvencija signala je ta koja pali odre\u0111eni broj LED dioda u punom rasponu, a veli\u010dina amplitude signala mo\u017ee utjecati na paljenje najvi\u0161e dvije ili tri dodatne LED u nizu.<\/p>\n<p>\u010cini se da je brzina vrtnje elektromotora u granicama gdje se dobije najljep\u0161i vizualni oblik \u201ecvijeta\u201c, no mogao bi se ugraditi kakav regulator brzine vrtnje pa vidjeti kakvi oblici se stvaraju na drugim brzinama. Naravno, mo\u017ee se eksperimentirati i sa druga\u010dijim povezivanjem LM 3914 \u010dipova za dobivanje druga\u010dijih svjetlosnih efekata. U svakom slu\u010daju, kome se ovakve naprave svi\u0111aju, danas uz pomo\u0107 MCU-a ima mogu\u0107nost jednostavne gradnje vrlo naprednih kaleidoskopa sa razli\u010ditim apstraktnim ili posve kontroliranim svjetlosnim slikama.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Danas je nabavljen elektroni\u010dki kaleidoskop oznake Silva Electronic Kaleidoscope iz 1991. godine. &nbsp; &nbsp; \u0160to se ti\u010de porijekla ure\u0111aja, na zadnjoj strani je otisnut logo tvrtke \u201eSilva\u201c i oznaka licence pod tajvanskim patentom. Logo tvrtke \u201eSilva\u201c je najsli\u010dniji dana\u0161njoj robnoj marki Silva Homeline (Silva Schneider) pod kojom se prodaju razni ku\u0107anski parati i potro\u0161a\u010dka elektronika [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":23553,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-23552","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-nekategorizirano","8":"czr-hentry"},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/kaleidoscope_01.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23552","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23552"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23552\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23573,"href":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23552\/revisions\/23573"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23553"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23552"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23552"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23552"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}