{"id":5271,"date":"2019-05-27T12:20:44","date_gmt":"2019-05-27T11:20:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/?p=5271"},"modified":"2020-12-28T19:58:13","modified_gmt":"2020-12-28T18:58:13","slug":"naponski-pretvarac-za-vojni-prijemnik-r-250m2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/2019\/05\/27\/naponski-pretvarac-za-vojni-prijemnik-r-250m2\/","title":{"rendered":"Naponski pretvara\u010d za vojni prijemnik R-250M2"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n<p>Danas je nabavljen naponski pretvara\u010d (napajanje) za ruski vojni kratkovalni radio prijemnik R-250M2 (P-250M2) iz 1960-tih godina. R-250 serije ruskih vojnih prijemnika proizvodile se u razdoblju od 1949. do 1981. godine i to su bili jedni od najuspje\u0161nijih i najra\u0161irenijih ruskih prijemnika toga razdoblja. Osim u kopnenoj vojsci (oznake R-250, R-250M, R-250M2, R-250M2T) i mornarici (oznake R-670 &#8220;Sirena&#8221;) koristili su se i za potrebe ruskih tajnih slu\u017ebi (oznaka &#8220;Kalina&#8221;), MUP-a i drugih dr\u017eavnih ministarstava, zatim za potrebe ruskih znanstvenih organizacija, raznih civilnih slu\u017ebi i u kona\u010dnici u radioamaterskim klubovima. Prijemnici serije R-250 su dvostruki superheterodini (prva MF promjenjiva) bazirani na 20 elektronskih cijevi, pokrivali su frekvencijski opseg 1,5-25,5 MHz (neke ina\u010dice do 33,5 MHz), a radili su sa AM, SSB i CW modulacijama.<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\r\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_04.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[5271]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5275\" src=\"http:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_04-1024x892.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"892\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_04-1024x892.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_04-300x261.jpg 300w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_04-768x669.jpg 768w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_04.jpg 1909w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\r\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_05.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[5271]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5276\" src=\"http:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_05-1024x750.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"750\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_05-1024x750.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_05-300x220.jpg 300w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_05-768x563.jpg 768w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_05.jpg 2006w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\r\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_08.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[5271]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5279\" src=\"http:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_08.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"382\" height=\"256\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_08.jpg 382w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_08-300x201.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 382px) 100vw, 382px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>Prijemnicima serije R-250M2 za rad je potrebno vanjsko napajanje od 6,3V\/8A za grijanje cijevi i 160V\/120mA za anodne napone. Svaka ina\u010dica prijemnika imala je i svoju ina\u010dicu napajanja (pretvara\u010da). Starije ina\u010dice bile su sa vibratorom, a novije (poput na\u0161e) sa tranzistorima. Pretvara\u010di su se radili za istosmjerne (akumulatorske) ulazne napone od 6V i 12V te izmjeni\u010dni mre\u017eni napon 220V, s time da transformator bilo mogu\u0107e preklopiti i na ulazni napon 127V \u010dime je prijemnik bio upotrebljiv i u slu\u010daju rata na teritoriju SAD-a ili Japana.<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\r\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_07.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[5271]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5278\" src=\"http:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_07-1024x714.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"714\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_07-1024x714.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_07-300x209.jpg 300w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_07-768x536.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\r\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_06.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[5271]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5277\" src=\"http:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_06-1024x639.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"639\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_06-1024x639.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_06-300x187.jpg 300w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_06-768x479.jpg 768w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_06.jpg 1067w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>Na\u0161a ina\u010dica pretvara\u010da radi sa ulaznim istosmjernim naponom od 6V (kod punog akumulatora ulazni napon u pretvara\u010d iznosi 6,38V), pri \u010demu taj napon izravno slu\u017ei i za grijanje elektronskih cijevi, a u pretvara\u010du se generira samo pozitivni anodni napon 160V (to\u010dna vrijednost izlaznog napona iz pretvara\u010da mo\u017ee varirati u rasponu 150-165V) uz maksimalnu jakost struje 120 mA. S obzirom da se cijeli pretvara\u010d R-250M2 sastoji od ukupno dvadesetak komponenti nacrtali smo njegovu elektri\u010dnu shemu i raspored komponenti unutar ku\u0107i\u0161ta.<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\r\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_09.gif\" rel=\"lightbox[5271]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5280\" src=\"http:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_09-1024x474.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"474\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_09-1024x474.gif 1024w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_09-300x139.gif 300w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_09-768x356.gif 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\r\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_10.gif\" rel=\"lightbox[5271]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5281\" src=\"http:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_10.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"830\" height=\"495\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>Pretvara\u010d R-250M2 sastoji se od tranzistorskog oscilatora pravokutnog napona frekvencije oko 5 kHz sa transformatorom T1, koji napaja primar izlaznog naponskog transformatora pretvara\u010da T2. Izlazni napon sa sekundara T2 ispravlja se u punovalnom mosnom ispravlja\u010du, nakon \u010dega se filtrira pomo\u0107u prigu\u0161nica i kondenzatora te \u0161alje na izlazni pin konektora kojim se pretvara\u010d spaja sa prijemnikom.<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\r\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_01.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[5271]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5272\" src=\"http:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_01-1024x610.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"610\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_01-1024x610.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_01-300x179.jpg 300w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_01-768x457.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\r\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_02.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[5271]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5273\" src=\"http:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_02-1024x649.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"649\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_02-1024x649.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_02-300x190.jpg 300w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_02-768x487.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\r\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_03.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[5271]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5274\" src=\"http:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_03-1024x767.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"767\" srcset=\"http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_03-1024x767.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_03-300x225.jpg 300w, http:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_03-768x575.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>S obzirom na svojevremenu ra\u0161irenost te veliki broj proizvedenih ina\u010dica ruskih radio prijemnika serije R-250 kao i pripadaju\u0107ih pretvara\u010da ne \u010dudi \u0161to se i na na\u0161em stolu na\u0161ao jedan primjerak te stare vojne tehnologije. \u0160teta \u0161to u kompletu sa pretvara\u010dem nije nabavljen i sam prijemnik ali zato nam je ova kasna ina\u010dica pretvara\u010da pru\u017eila lijep uvid u tehniku napajanja na samom prelasku iz cijevne i vibratorske na danas sveprisutnu tranzistorsku tehnologiju gradnje elektroni\u010dkih sklopova \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Danas je nabavljen naponski pretvara\u010d (napajanje) za ruski vojni kratkovalni radio prijemnik R-250M2 (P-250M2) iz 1960-tih godina. R-250 serije ruskih vojnih prijemnika proizvodile se u razdoblju od 1949. do 1981. godine i to su bili jedni od najuspje\u0161nijih i najra\u0161irenijih ruskih prijemnika toga razdoblja. Osim u kopnenoj vojsci (oznake R-250, R-250M, R-250M2, R-250M2T) i mornarici [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5273,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[59,63],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-5271","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-napajanja","8":"category-vojni","9":"czr-hentry"},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/crowave.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/r_250m2_02.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5271","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5271"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5271\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9906,"href":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5271\/revisions\/9906"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5273"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5271"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5271"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.crowave.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5271"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}